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Wolfsbane poison antidote8/12/2023 ![]() Initially part of the Carthaginian Empire, the natives of the island rebelled during the first Punic war and ejected their North African oppressors. As a result, it became known as ‘the granary of the Mediterranean’. The Mediterranean island of Sardinia has a climate favourable to the cultivation of many sorts of cereals, such as corn, wheat and barley. The Sardinian poison and the Sardinian smile (risus sardonicus) These drugs are the treatments of choice for poisoning by the three vicious plants. It has also been established that two groups of sedative drugs, barbiturates and benzodiazepines, exert their inhibitory action by stimulating the GABA system. ![]() All three poisons have been shown to block the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) system in the human brain that normally has a powerful inhibitory neuronal action. ![]() The third plant Anamirta derives from South-East Asia and contains a powerful convulsant, picrotoxin, which has been used from time immemorial to catch fish, and more recently to poison Birds of Paradise. Unwittingly, they are ingested by naive foragers and death occurs very rapidly. The plants closely resemble two of the most common plants in the family Apiaceae ( Umbelliferae), celery and parsley. In recent years their poisons have been shown to be polyacetylenes (n-C2H2). Although we are familiar with common British plants that are poisonous, such as Atropa belladonna (deadly nightshade) and Aconitum napellus (monkshood), the two most poisonous plants in the British Flora are Oenanthe crocata (dead man’s fingers) and Cicuta virosa (cowbane).
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